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Ŀ¼£¨Table of Contents£©
°æÈ¨ÉùÃ÷ÓëÐí¿ÉÐÒ飨COPYRIGHT NOTICE AND LICENSE£©.............................................................................6
ǰÑÔÓë¼ò½é£¨PREFACE AND INTRODUCTION£©...................................................................................................12
ÖÂл£¨ACKNOWLEDGMENTS£©................................................................................................................................17
1 Ä¿±ê£¨GOALS£©...........................................................................................................................................................18
1.1 ³É¹¦Ó¦Óã¨SUCCESSES£©........................................................................................................................................19
1.2 ²»ÊôÓÚLOINCÃû³Æ×é³É²¿·ÖµÄÄÚÈÝ£¨WHAT IS NOT PART OF THE NAME£©........................................................20
1.3 ±¾Ö¸ÄϵÄÊÊÓ÷¶Î§£¨SCOPE OF THIS DOCUMENT£©................................................................................................21
2 ÊÔÑé/¹Û²âÖ¸±êÃû³ÆµÄÖ÷Òª×é³É²¿·Ö£¨MAJOR "PARTS" OF A TEST/OBSERVATION NAME£©..................22
2.1 Ò»°ãÃüÃû¹æÔò£¨GENERAL NAMING CONVENTIONS£©.............................................................................................23
2.1.1 ³É·Ö/·ÖÎöÎïÃû³ÆÖеÄËõÂÔÓAbbreviations in names of component/analyte£©.........................................23
2.1.2 È«³ÆÖгɷ֣¨·ÖÎöÎ²¿·ÖµÄÒ»°ãÃüÃû¹æÔò£ÛGeneral naming rules for the component (analyte) part of the fully specified name£Ý...23
2.1.3 ·ÖÎöÎïÃû³ÆÖеıêµã·ûºÅ£¨Punctuation in analyte names£©.........................................................................25
2.1.4 ×Öĸ²»Çø·Ö´óСд£¨Case insensitivity£©........................................................................................................25
2.1.5 ÂÞÂíÊý×ÖÓë°¢À²®Êý×Ö£¨Roman numerals vs. Arabic numerals£©................................................................25
2.2 ³É·Ö/·ÖÎöÎµÚÒ»²¿·Ö£©£ÛCOMPONENT/ANALYTE (1ST PART)£Ý......................................................................25
2.2.1 ·ÖÎöÎïÃû³Æ£¨µÚÒ»×ӿ飩£ÛAnalyte Name (1st subpart)£Ý............................................................................26
2.2.2 ´Ì¼¤ÊÔÑ飨µÚ¶þ×ӿ飩£ÛChallenge test (2nd subpart)£Ý...............................................................................26
2.3 ÊôÐÔÀàÐÍ£¨ÓÖ³ÆÁ¿ÖµÀàÐÍ£©£¨µÚ¶þ²¿·Ö£©£ÛKIND OF PROPERTY (ALSO CALLED KIND OF QUANTITY) (2ND PART)£Ý..32
2.4 ʱ¼äÌØÕ÷£¨Ê±¿ÌÓëʱ¼ä¼ä¸ô£©£¨µÚÈý²¿·Ö£©£ÛTIME ASPECT (POINT OR MOMENT IN TIME VS. TIME INTERVAL) (3RD PART)£Ý35
2.4.1 ʱ¼äÌØÕ÷µÄÐÞÊγɷ֣¨Time Aspect Modifier£©............................................................................................37
2.5 Ìåϵ£¨Ñù±¾£©ÀàÐÍ£¨µÚËIJ¿·Ö£©£ÛSYSTEM (SAMPLE) TYPE (4TH PART)£Ý........................................................37
2.5.1 ³¬Ìåϵ£¨µÚ¶þ×ӿ飩£ÛSuper system (2nd subpart)£Ý....................................................................................39
2.6 ±ê³ßÀàÐÍ£¨µÚÎ岿·Ö£©£ÛTYPE OF SCALE (5TH PART)£Ý.......................................................................................41
2.7 ·½·¨ÀàÐÍ£¨µÚÁù²¿·Ö£©£ÛTYPE OF METHOD (6TH PART)£Ý...................................................................................42
2.7.1 DNA/RNA̽Õë/Ö¸±ê£¨DNA/RNA probes/measures£©..................................................................................43
2.7.2 ÃâÒßÓ«¹â£¨IF£©£ÛImmune fluorescence (IF)£Ý...............................................................................................44
2.7.3 ÃâÒßȾɫ£¨Immune Stain£©.............................................................................................................................44
2.7.4 øÃâÒß·ÖÎö£¨EIA£©£ÛEnzyme Immune Assay (EIA)£Ý.................................................................................44
2.7.5 ÄýѪ¹¦ÄÜÊÔÑ飨Coagulation£©........................................................................................................................44
2.7.6 ȾɫÊÔÑé¼ì²é£¨Stains£©..................................................................................................................................44
2.7.7 ÁÙ´²Ö¸±ê£¨Clinical measures£©.......................................................................................................................44
2.7.8 ³ÉÏñ¼ì²é£¨Imaging studies£©...........................................................................................................................45
2.8 ¶ÌСʵÓõļò³Æ£¨SHORT CONVENIENT NAMES£©..................................................................................................45
3 ÌØÊâÇé¿ö£¨SPECIAL CASES£©..................................................................................................................................45
3.1 ±»¿´×÷±äÁ¿»òÊýÖµµÄ½á¹û£¨FINDINGS VIEWED AS VARIABLES OR AS VALUES£©..................................................45
3.1.1 ½á¹ûȡֵ£¨Value£©..........................................................................................................................................45
3.1.2 ¿É±äÐÔ»ò¶àÏîÑ¡ÔñÐÔ½á¹ûµÄ±êʶ·½·¨£ÛVariable (Multiple Choice) Approach£Ý........................................46
3.2 Ѫ¿â£¨BLOOD BANK£©.............................................................................................................................................46
3.3 ÃâÒß»îÐÔ¼ì²é£¨Á÷ʽϸ°ûÒÇ£©£ÛIMMUNOCOMPETENCE STUDIES (FLOW CYTOMETRY)£Ý...................................47
3.4 ΢ÉúÎïѧ½á¹ûµÄÒ»°ã´¦Àí·½·¨£¨GENERAL APPROACH TO MICROBIOLOGY RESULTS£©.......................................48
3.5 ¿¹ÉúËØÃô¸ÐÐÔÊÔÑ飨ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITIES£©...................................................................................50
3.6 ϸ°û¼ÆÊý£¨CELL COUNTS£©....................................................................................................................................50
3.7 Ƥ·ôÊÔÑ飨SKIN TESTS£©........................................................................................................................................51
3.8 ¶¾Àíѧ¡ªÒ©ÎïÀÄÓõÄɸ²éÓëÈ·ÈÏ£¨TOXICOLOGY ¨C DRUG OF ABUSE SCREENING AND CONFIRMATION£©.........51
3.8.1 Ò©ÎïµÄ¶¾Àíѧ·Ö×飨Toxicology drug groups£©.............................................................................................52
3.8.2 ÅжϽçÖµ£¨Cutoffs£©........................................................................................................................................53
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3.8.3 ɸ²éÓëÈ·ÈÏ·½·¨µÄ±¨¸æ£¨Reporting the method used for screen and confirm£©............................................53
3.8.4 ¾ßÌåÒ©Îï/´úлÎïµÄ¼ì²â½á¹û£¨Individual drug/metabolite test results£©......................................................54
3.8.5 ÃüÃûÎÊÌ⣨Naming issues£©.............................................................................................................................54
3.8.6 С½á£¨Summary£©............................................................................................................................................54
3.9 ·Ö×ÓÒÅ´«Ñ§·½ÃæµÄLOINCÃüÃû£¨MOLECULAR GENETICS LOINC NAMING£©...................................................55
3.9.1 ÒýÑÔ£¨Introduction£©........................................................................................................................................55
3.9.2 ÊõÓïѧ£¨Terminology£©...................................................................................................................................55
3.9.3 ·Ö×ÓÒÅ´«Ñ§Ò»°ãÃüÃû¹æÔò£¨General Molecular genetic naming rules£©........................................................56
3.9.4 ´«È¾ÐÔ¼²²¡£¨Infectious Diseases£©.................................................................................................................57
3.9.5 ÒÅ´«ÐÔ¼²²¡£¨Genetic Diseases£©.....................................................................................................................57
3.9.6 ÈýºËÜÕËáÖØ¸´ÐòÁУ¨Trinucleotide repeats£©..................................................................................................59
3.9.7 ѪҺ²¡Àíѧ»ùÒòÖØ×飨Hematopathology gene re-arrangement£©.................................................................59
3.9.8 »ùÒòÒ×루Translocations£©............................................................................................................................60
3.9.9 Éí·Ý²âÊÔ£¨Identity testing£©............................................................................................................................60
3.9.10 Ö×ÁöÏà¹ØµÄÖ×ÁöÒÅ´«Ñ§£¨Tumor Relation Tumor Genetics£©......................................................................61
3.10 ±ä̬·´Ó¦µÄ¼ì²â£¨ALLERGY TESTING£©..............................................................................................................62
4 ÁÙ´²¹Û²âÖ¸±ê£¨CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS AND MEASURES£©....................................................................62
4.1 ÒýÑÔ£¨INTRODUCTION£©..........................................................................................................................................63
4.2 Ô×ÓÐÍÓë·Ö×ÓÐÍ£¨Ç°×éºÏʽÃüÃû£©[ATOMIC VERSUS MOLECULAR (PRE-COORDINATED NAMES)]..........................................65
4.3 ·ÅÉäҽѧ±¨¸æ£¨RADIOLOGY REPORTS£©...............................................................................................................65
4.3.1 Õï¶ÏÐÔ·ÅÉäҽѧ±¨¸æ£¨Diagnostic Radiology Reports£©.........................................................................66
4.3.2 ½éÈëÐÔ·ÅÉäҽѧ±¨¸æ£¨Interventional Radiology Reports£©..........................................................................69
5 Ö×ÁöµÇ¼Ç£¨TUMOR REGISTRY£©............................................................................................................................70
6 Ë÷ÅâÐÅÏ¢¸½¼þ£¨CLAIMS ATTACHMENTS£©.........................................................................................................70
7 HL7 LOINCÎĵµÀàÐʹʱíÓò£¨HL7 LOINC DOCUMENT TYPE VOCABULARY DOMAIN£©.....................70
7.1 ÎĵµÀàÐÍ´úÂëÔÚHL7ÏûÏ¢ÖеÄʹÓã¨USE OF DOCUMENT TYPE CODES IN HL7 MESSAGES£©............................70
7.2 ÓëÆäËüÊõÓïµÄ¹ØÏµ£¨RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER TERMINOLOGIES£©...................................................................71
7.3 ÎĵµÀàÐÍ×é¼þ£¨DOCUMENT TYPE COMPONENTS£©...............................................................................................71
7.4 ²ÉÓöà¸ö×é¼þ´´½¨ÁÙ´²¼Ç¼µÄ¹æÔò£¨RULES FOR CREATING CLINICAL NOTES FROM MULTIPLE COMPONENTS£©........74
7.5 ¹¤×÷Õ¹Íû£¨FUTURE WORK£©..................................................................................................................................75
8 Ò½Öö×飨ORDER PANELS£¯BATTERIES£©...........................................................................................................81
8.1 Ä¿µÄ£¨GOALS£©.......................................................................................................................................................82
8.2 ¼¶ÁªÊÔÑ飨REFLEX TESTS£¬×·¼ÓÊÔÑ飩................................................................................................................83
8.3 ¼ÆËã»òÑÜÉú½á¹û£¨CALCULATED OR DERIVED RESULTS£©.....................................................................................83
8.4 ¹ØÁª¹Û²âÖ¸±ê£¨ASSOCIATED OBSERVATIONS£©.....................................................................................................83
8.5 Ò½Öö×éµÄLOINCÃüÃû¹æÔò£¨LOINC RULES FOR REPRESENTING ORDER PANEL NAMES£©..................................83
9 ±ê×¼»¯µ÷²éÎÊ¾í£¨STANDARDIZED SURVEY INSTRUMENTS£©......................................................................85
¸½Â¼£¨APPENDICES£©...................................................................................................................................................86
¸½Â¼A¡ªLOINCÊý¾Ý¿â½á¹¹£¨APPENDIX A - LOINC DATABASE STRUCTURE£©.......................................86
¸½Â¼B¡ªÀࣨAPPENDIX B ¨C CLASSES£©.............................................................................................................90
¸½Â¼C¡ªMOD 10ģУÑéλµÄ¼ÆËã·½·¨£¨APPENDIX C - CALCULATING MOD 10 CHECK DIGITS£©........93
¸½Â¼D¡ªÏòLOINCÊý¾Ý¿âÌá½»ÐÂÔö»ò±ä¸ü¼Ç¼µÄ·½·¨Óë²½Ö裨APPENDIX D - PROCEDURE FOR SUBMITTING ADDITIONS/CHANGES TO THE DATABASE£©..................................94
¸½Â¼E¡ªÓйØLOINC´òÓ¡±¨¸æµÄ˵Ã÷£¨APPENDIX E - LOINC PRINTED REPORT DESCRIPTION£©......116
¸½Â¼F¡ªLOINCÊôÐÔÆ¥ÅäʾÀý£¨APPENDIX F - EXAMPLES FOR LOINC PROPERTY MATCHING£©......117
¸½Â¼G¡ªLOINCίԱ»á³ÉÔ±Ãûµ¥£¨APPENDIX G - LOINC COMMITTEE MEMBERS£©..............................122
²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×£¨LITERATURE CITED£©..........................................................................................................................124
LOINC Users¡¯ Guide translated to Simplified Chinese ¡ªJune 1, 2005
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±í£¨Tables£©
±í1. ·ÖÎöÎïÈ«³ÆµÄ²ã¼¶½á¹¹£¨Table 1: Hierarchical Structure of Fully Specified Analyte Names£©...................................................22
±í2. ³É·Ö£¨·ÖÎöÎÃû³ÆÖÐÔÊÐí³öÏÖµÄËõÂÔÓTable 2: Allowable Abbreviations in Component (analyte) Names£©...................23
±í3. ×Öĸ´óСд¹æÔò£¨Table 3: Case Specifying Conventions£©..........................................................................................................25
±í4. ´Ì¼¤ºóµÄʱ¼äÑÓ³Ù£¨Table 4: Time Delay Post Challenge£©.........................................................................................................27
±í5. ´Ì¼¤²¿·ÖÖеÄ;¾¶ËõÂÔÓTable 5: Route Abbreviations for Challenge Part£©..........................................................................28
±í6. ´Ì¼¤µÄÐÔÖÊ£¨Table 6: Nature of Challenge£©.................................................................................................................................29
±í7. ÊôÐÔÀàÐÍ£¨Table 7: Kind of Property£©..........................................................................................................................................33
±í8. ³ÖÐøÊ±¼äµÄÀà±ð£¨Table 8: Duration Categories£©.........................................................................................................................35
±í9. ʱ¼äÌØÕ÷ÐÞÊγɷֵĴúÂ루Table 9: Time Aspect Modifier Codes£©...........................................................................................37
±í10. ʵÑéÊÒÊÔÑéÏîÄ¿µÄÌåϵ/Ñù±¾ÀàÐÍ´úÂ루Table 10: Laboratory System/Sample Type Codes£©.................................................38
±í11. ³¬Ìåϵ£¨Table 11: Super System£©...............................................................................................................................................39
±í12. ±ê³ßÀàÐÍ£¨Table 12: Type of Scale£©...........................................................................................................................................41
±í13. ÊÔÑé·½·¨ËõÂÔÓTable 13: Method Abbreviations£©.................................................................................................................42
±í14A. ·ÖÀàΪDNA/RNA°ÐÏòÀ©Ôö·½·¨µÄÌØÒìÐÔ·½·¨¾ÙÀý£¨Table 14A: Examples of specific methods that would be classes as target amplified DNA/RNA methods£©.........................................................43
±í14B. LOINCÖб»¶¨ÒåΪÐźŷŴ󷽷¨µÄÌØÒìÐÔ·½·¨¾ÙÀý£¨Table 14B. Examples of specific methods that would be defined in LOINC as signal amplification methods£©..............................44
±í15. ÅàÑø½á¹û¾ÙÀý£¨Table 15. Example Culture Results£©.................................................................................................................49
±í16. Ò©ÎïÃô¸ÐÐÔÊÔÑé·½·¨£¨Table 16: Drug Susceptibility Methods£©...............................................................................................50
±í17. ±êʶÒÅ´«»ùÒòȱÏÝλÖõÄÈýÖÖÃüÃû·½·¨£¨Table 17. Three types of nomenclatures for identifying the location of a genetic defect£©.............................................56
±í18. µ¥×Öĸ°±»ùËá´úÂëÁÐ±í£¨Table 18. List of single letter amino acid codes£©...............................................................................56
±í19. Æù½ñÁÙ´²LOINC²¿·ÖËùº¸ÇµÄÖ÷Ì⣨Table 19. Subjects covered to date in clinical LOINC£©...............................................64
±í20. ÀࣨTable 20: Classes£©.................................................................................................................................................................90
±í21. Ìá½»ÎļþʾÀý£¨Table 21: Example submission£©........................................................................................................................95
±í22a. Ìá½»ÎļþÖеÄAccessÊý¾Ý¿â×Ö¶ÎÃû£¨Table 22a Access Field Names for Submissions£©.......................................................95
±í22b. ¹©RegenstriefÌîдµÄÄÚÈÝ£¨ÌύʱÐè±£³Ö¿ÕÖµµÄ×ֶΣ©£ÛTable 22b Content Added by Regenstrief (Fields left blank in submission)£Ý..................................96
±í23. ¿É´òÓ¡ÐÍLOINCÊý¾Ý¿â±¨¸æÖеıí¸ñÁУ¨Table 23: Columns Appearing on Printed Reports£©...................................................116
LOINC Users¡¯ Guide translated to Simplified Chinese ¡ªJune 1, 2005
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°æÈ¨ÉùÃ÷ÓëÐí¿ÉÐÒ飨Copyright Notice and License£©
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